State-held, forfeited and struck-off land by state

Why the name changes at every state line

Each legislature named a different part of the same process. The sale runs, nobody meets the minimum, a government body takes the parcel or the certificate, and it stays available until someone buys it, so what changes at the state line is the label rather than the mechanism.

• Florida named the list: Lands Available for Taxes.
• South Carolina named the body that holds the bid: the Forfeited Land Commission.
• Pennsylvania named the shelf: the repository for unsold properties.
• Texas named the auction step: struck off.
• Washington named the title the county ends up with: tax title.

What the name does not tell you is who holds the parcel, what the price floor is, and how long you wait. The over-the-counter buying guide covers the mechanics, and each state page in the table above carries the local rule.

The 10 states with no standing program

A no on this list is a real answer, not a gap in our research. California, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Michigan, Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina and Virginia shelve nothing for later purchase, and the table above carries what each of them does instead.

An unsold parcel in one of them is reoffered at a later auction, transferred to a local government, or moved into a surplus property process that is not a tax sale at all. Treat any list marketed as an over-the-counter list there with suspicion, and confirm it against the county's own page.

What does struck off mean at a tax sale?

Struck off means the parcel drew no qualifying bid, so title passed to a government body instead of a bidder. The same step is called struck to the county, bid in, forfeited, or taken in trust elsewhere.

Texas struck-off property goes to the taxing unit that requested the order of sale, which may resell it at public or private sale. The struck-off definition in the glossary covers both the certificate and the deed side.

Before you buy off one of these lists

Unsold is not the same as overlooked. Parcels reach these lists because experienced bidders read the same file you are about to read and passed.

Landlocked slivers, wetland remnants and parcels with a surviving encumbrance are heavily represented, so run the same checks you would run at auction:

1. Confirm whether the parcel has legal access, before acreage, price or photographs.
2. Read what survives a tax deed in that state, because the state decides which liens and easements outlive the sale.
3. Price it with the max bid calculator before you write the check, because a fixed counter price is not automatically a discount.
4. Know which instrument the leftover route conveys: tax lien vs tax deed sets out how differently the two behave after you buy.